Public and private organizations that are responsible for the organized analysis, planning, decision making, assignment and coordination of available resources involved in the mitigation of, preparedness for, response to, and/or relief/recovery from a major disaster or large-scale emergency that disrupts the normal functioning of a community. These organizations have a formal role in developing overall emergency policy within their jurisdictions; establish coordination with other agencies active in disaster situations; develop action plans for emergency response; coordinate facilities, services, personnel, equipment and materials that are required before, during and immediately following an incident; and/or are involved in disaster relief and recovery activities.

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Programs that issue alerts, advisories and warnings to inform the public of an impending event such as a major fire, flood, hurricane or tornado which has the potential to cause loss of life, personal injury, property destruction or damage and wide-spread community disruption. Disaster warnings may include safety instructions for people who are likely to be affected by the event, may communicate information about measures, such as curfews, that the authorities have taken to minimize the effects of the incident, and may provide crucial information about the status of the physical environment (e.g., roads and bridges that are impassable) following the event.

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